Pharmacist Readiness to Enter the Era of Mandatory Halal Drug Certification; Knowledge, Perceptions, Attitudes
Keywords:
Drug, Halal, Knowledge of Attitude Perception, PharmacistAbstract
Pharmaceutical practices include manufacturing including quality control of pharmaceutical preparations, security, procurement, storage and distribution of drugs, prescription drug services, drug information services, and the development of drugs, medicinal materials, and traditional medicines must be carried out by health personnel who have the expertise and authority by the provisions of laws and regulations, namely pharmacists. The study aims to determine the level and correlation of pharmacists' knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes toward readiness to enter the era of mandatory halal drug certification and influencing demographic factors. The cross-sectional study was conducted online using a questionnaire validated by experts and tested for validation and reliability beforehand. The study was conducted in January-February 2023 with 521 respondents from six provinces in Java Island, by purposive sampling with the inclusion criteria of having STRA, competency certificate, and practicing pharmacy. The results showed that the community had sufficient knowledge (mean 30.74 ± 1.70) from a maximum score of 38, sufficient perception (mean 53.65 ± 6.78) from a maximum score of 64, and sufficient attitude (mean 39.80 ± 5.33) from a maximum score of 48, towards halal medicine. The results of the Spearman test obtained a low correlation between knowledge perception (P value=0.318), a low correlation between knowledge-attitude (P value=0.255), and a very strong correlation between perception-attitude (P value=0.795). The results of the multiple correlation test obtained a value of P value = 0.00 (P-value <0.05), then knowledge-perception-attitude regarding halal medicines influence each other. The results of the Chi-square test obtained, the factors of workplace, position, and length of work affect knowledge, and the factors of age, workplace, position, and length of work affect perceptions and attitudes (all p-value <0.05) on pharmacists regarding halal medicines. It is concluded that pharmacists have sufficient knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes and influence each other, knowledge-perception is significant, knowledge-attitude is very weak and perception-attitude has a very strong correlation. Place of work, position, and length of work are related to pharmacists' knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes about halal medicines.
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