Service Innovation and Mimetic Pressure in Maldivian Resorts
Keywords:
Innovation, Dynamic business environment, mimetic pressure, competitive advantage, Institutional theory, RBV theoryAbstract
Innovation is essential to preserving a competitive edge in today's fast-paced business world. To drive service innovation and gain a competitive edge in the Maldives' resort industry, this study examines how opportunity-enhancing practices are impacted by mimetic pressure, which is the propensity for businesses to copy successful competitors, and how these practices improve human and relational capital. The resource-based view (RBV) and institutional theory are combined in this study to identify the key traits that foster innovation, which is essential for resort businesses to succeed in fiercely competitive travel markets. The findings gathered from 114 industry professionals and analyzed with SEM-PLS show a strong link between mimetic pressure, human capital development, and service innovation, all of which contribute to a significant competitive advantage. These findings have major implications for resort managers and policymakers in emerging economies, particularly in tourism-dependent countries like the Maldives. The study's findings are significant to expanding tourism economies with practical recommendations for improving service innovation, promoting sustainable growth, and increasing global competitiveness in culturally varied settings.
Downloads
References
Abulsaoud Ahmed Younis, R. (2018). Human Resource Management Practices and the perceived Hospital performance The mediating role of Intellectual Capital. Human Resource Management Practices, 48(3), 559–586. https://doi.org/10.21608/jsec.2018.39411
Agarwal, P., & Farndale, E. (2017). High-performance work systems and creativity implementation: the role of psychological capital and psychological safety. Human Resource Management Journal, 27(3), 440–458. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12148
Ahmed, M. (2018). Guesthouses in the Maldives: Towards Community-Based Tourism. International Journal of Innovation and Economic Development, 4(1), 44–50. https://doi.org/10.18775/ijied.1849-7551-7020.2015.41.2004
AL-Khatib, A. W. (2022). Intellectual capital and innovation performance: the moderating role of big data analytics: evidence from the banking sector in Jordan. EuroMed Journal of Business, 17(3), 391–423. https://doi.org/10.1108/EMJB-10-2021-0154
Al-Khatib, A. W., & Al-Ghanem, E. M. (2021). Radical innovation, incremental innovation, and competitive advantage, the moderating role of technological intensity: evidence from the manufacturing sector in Jordan. European Business Review, 344–369. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-02-2021-0041
Alajmi, S. A., & Alenezi, M. A. (2016). Human Resource Management Practices and Competitive Advantage: the Mediator Role of Person-Organization Fit. Global Journal of Human Resource Management, 4(1), 65–82.
Ali, Z., Gongbing, B., & Mehreen, A. (2019). Supply chain network and information sharing effects of SMEs’ credit quality on firm performance: Do strong tie and bridge tie matter? Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 32(5), 714–734. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEIM-07-2018-0169
Alkhatib, A. W., & Valeri, M. (2022). Can intellectual capital promote the competitive advantage? Service innovation and big data analytics capabilities in a moderated mediation model. European Journal of Innovation Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-04-2022-0186
Alosani, M. S., Al-Dhaafri, H. S., & Awadh Abdulla, A. (2021). Investigating the role of HRM practices on service innovation: empirical evidence from UAE government agencies. Management Research Review, 44(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-03-2020-0141
Aziz, N. A. A., Senik, R., Yau, F. S., San, O. T., & Attan, H. (2017). Influence of institutional pressures on the adoption of green initiatives. International Journal of Economics and Management, 11(3 Special Issue), 939–967.
Barney, J. (1991). Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive advantage. Journal Management, 99–120.
Barney, J. B., & Wright, P. M. (1998). On becoming a strategic partner: The role of human resources in gaining competitive advantage. Human Resource Management, 37(1), 31–46. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-050X(199821)37:1<31::AID-HRM4>3.0.CO;2-W
Barrena-Martinez, J., López-Fernández, M., & Romero-Fernández, P. M. (2019). The link between socially responsible human resource management and intellectual capital. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 26(1), 71–81. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1658
Berggren, C. (2019). The cumulative power of incremental innovation and the role of project sequence management. International Journal of Project Management, 37(3), 461–472. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2019.01.014
Bontis, N., Keow, W. C. C., & Richardson, S. (2000). Intellectual capital and business performance in Malaysian industries. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 188(5), 675–678. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000658-197811000-00016
Boon, C., den Hartog, D. N., Boselie, P., & Paauwe, J. (2011). The relationship between perceptions of HR practices and employee outcomes: Examining the role of person-organisation and person-job fit. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 22(1), 138–162. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2011.538978
Brockner, J., Flynn, F. J., Dolan, R. J., Ostfield, A., Pace, D., & Ziskin, I. V. (2017). Commentary on “radical HRM innovation and competitive advantage: The Moneyball story.” Human Resource Management, 45(1), 127–145. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm
Bulińska-Stangrecka, H., & Bagieńska, A. (2020). Intangible resources for an organization’s sustainability potential. Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 8(1), 741–761. https://doi.org/10.9770/jesi.2020.8.1(50)
Camilleri, M. A. (2018). The Tourism Industry: An Overview (Issue September 2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49849-2_1
Chahal, H., & Bakshi, P. (2016). Measurement of Intellectual Capital in the Indian Banking Sector. Vikalpa, 41(1), 61–73. https://doi.org/10.1177/0256090916629253
Chan, L. L. M., Shaffer, M. A., & Snape, E. (2004). In search of sustained competitive advantage: The impact of organizational culture, competitive strategy and human resource management practices on firm performance. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 15(1), 17–35. https://doi.org/10.1080/0958519032000157320
Chen, M. Y.-C., Lam, L. W., & Zhu, J. N. Y. (2021). Should companies invest in human resource development practices? The role of intellectual capital and organizational performance improvements. Personnel Review, 50(2), 460–477. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-04-2019-0179
Chen, X., Yi, N., Zhang, L., & Li, D. (2018). Does institutional pressure foster corporate green innovation? Evidence from China’s top 100 companies. Journal of Cleaner Production, 188, 304–311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.257
Chia, K. W., & Muiz, A. (2021). The nature and challenges of guest house business in the Maldives: An exploratory study. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 21(1), 3–14. https://doi.org/10.1177/1467358420926688
Chin, W. W., Chinn, W. W., & Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach to structural equation modelling. In Marcoulides G. A. (Ed.). Modern Methods for Business Research, 295(2), 295–336.
Clausen, J., & Fichter, K. (2019). The diffusion of environmental product and service innovations: Driving and inhibiting factors. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 31(December 2018), 64–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eist.2019.01.003
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.).
Cohen, J. (1992). Quantitative methods in Psychology. Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, 696(7), 1487–1489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jorganchem.2011.01.025
Correia, R. J., Dias, J. G., & Teixeira, M. S. (2020). Dynamic capabilities and competitive advantages as mediator variables between market orientation and business performance. Journal of Strategy and Management, 14(2), 187–206. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSMA-12-2019-0223
Dankyi, A. B., Yusheng, K., Ankomah-Asare, E. T., Dankyi, J. K., & Addo, A. A. (2020). Acquisition of human capital for organizational sustainability: A BASS-SIR forecasting approach. International Journal of Engineering Business Management, 12, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1177/1847979020935330
Delery, J. E., & Doty, D. H. (1996). Modes of Theorizing in Strategic Human Resource Management : Tests of Universalistic , Contingency , and Configurational. Management, 39(4), 802–835.
Delery, J. E., & Roumpi, D. (2017). Strategic human resource management, human capital and competitive advantage: is the field going in circles? Human Resource Management Journal, 27(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12137
Dent, M. M., Cheng, B. L., Cham, T. H., & Lee, T. H. (2019). Service innovation: building a sustainable competitive advantage in higher education. International Journal of Services, Economics and Management, 10(4), 289. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijsem.2019.10026652
Fassott, G., Henseler, J., & Coelho, P. S. (2016). Testing moderating effects in PLS path models with composite variables. Industrial Management and Data Systems, 116(9), 1887–1900. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMDS-06-2016-0248
Ferdousi, F., Baird, K., Munir, R., & Su, S. (2018). Associations between organisational factors, TQM and competitive advantage: Evidence from an emerging economy. Benchmarking, 25(3), 854–873. https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-05-2017-0110
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). SEM with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. In Algebra and Statistics (Vol. 47, Issue 3, pp. 138-145.).
Geisser, S., & Eddy, W. F. (1979). A predictive approach to model selection. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 74(365), 153–160. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1979.10481632
Green, S. B., Lissitz, R. W., & Mulaik, S. A. (1977). Limitations of coefficient alpha as an index of test unidimensionality1. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 37(4), 827–838. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316447703700403
Gustafsson, A., Snyder, H., & Witell, L. (2020). Service Innovation: A New Conceptualization and Path Forward. Journal of Service Research, 23(2), 111–115. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670520908929
Hair, J. F., Matthews, L. M., Matthews, R. L., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). PLS-SEM or CB-SEM: updated guidelines on which method to use. International Journal of Multivariate Data Analysis, 1(2), 107. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijmda.2017.10008574
Hameed, W. U., Nisar, Q. A., & Wu, H. C. (2021). Relationships between external knowledge, internal innovation, firms’ open innovation performance, service innovation and business performance in the Pakistani hotel industry. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 92(October 2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102745
Hanaysha, J., & Tahir, P. R. (2016). Examining the Effects of Employee Empowerment, Teamwork, and Employee Training on Job Satisfaction. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 219, 272–282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.05.016
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sinkovics, R. R. (2009). The use of partial least squares path modeling in international marketing. Advances in International Marketing, 20(2009), 277–319. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1474-7979(2009)0000020014
Homayounfard, A., & Zaefarian, G. (2022). Key challenges and opportunities of service innovation processes in technology supplier-service provider partnerships. Journal of Business Research, 139(September 2021), 1284–1302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.09.069
Jyoti, J., & Rani, A. (2019). Role of burnout and mentoring between high performance work system and intention to leave: Moderated mediation model. Journal of Business Research, 98(November 2017), 166–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.12.068
Kakakhel, F. J., & Khalil, S. H. (2022). Deciphering the black box of HPWS–innovation link: Modeling the mediatory role of internal social capital. International Journal of Innovation Studies, 6(2), 78–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijis.2022.04.004
Karadas, G., & Karatepe, O. M. (2019). Unraveling the black box: The linkage between high-performance work systems and employee outcomes. Employee Relations, 41(1), 67–83. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-04-2017-0084
Kauppi, K., & Luzzini, D. (2022). Measuring institutional pressures in a supply chain context: scale development and testing. Supply Chain Management, 27(7), 79–107. https://doi.org/10.1108/SCM-04-2021-0169
Kerdpitak, C., & Jermsittiparsert, K. (2020). The impact of human resource management practices on competitive advantage: Mediating role of employee engagement in Thailand. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 11(1), 443–452. https://doi.org/10.5530/srp.2020.1.56
Khalid, K., & Nawab, S. (2018). Employee Participation and Employee Retention in View of Compensation. SAGE Open, 8(4). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244018810067
Kloutsiniotis, P. V., & Mihail, D. M. (2020). High performance work systems in the tourism and hospitality industry: a critical review. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 32(7), 2365–2395. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-10-2019-0864
Kock, N. (2015). Common method bias in PLS-SEM: A full collinearity assessment approach. International Journal of E-Collaboration, 11(4), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.4018/ijec.2015100101
Krell, K., Matook, S., & Rohde, F. (2016). The impact of legitimacy-based motives on IS adoption success: An institutional theory perspective. Information and Management, 53(6), 683–697. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2016.02.006
Kremmydas, E., & Austen, A. (2020). High-Performance Human Resource Practices through the Lenses of the Ability–Motivation–Opportunity Taxonomy: A Multilevel Perspective. International Journal of Contemporary Management, 19(3), 23–42. https://doi.org/10.4467/24498939ijcm.20.009.13151
Kundu, S. C., & Gahlawat, N. (2016). High performance work systems and employees’ intention to leave: Exploring the mediating role of employee outcomes. Management Research Review, 39(12), 1587–1615. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-04-2015-0088
Lestari, S. D., Leon, F. M., Widyastuti, S., Brabo, N. A., & Putra, A. H. P. K. (2020). Antecedents and consequences of innovation and business strategy on performance and competitive advantage of SMEs. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(6), 365–378. https://doi.org/10.13106/JAFEB.2020.VOL7.NO6.365
Marin-Garcia, J. A., & Tomas, J. M. (2016). Deconstructing AMO framework: A systematic review. Intangible Capital, 12(4), 1040–1087. https://doi.org/10.3926/ic.838
Marzouqi, S. Al. (2019). The organizational capabilities and their effects on service innovation and service innovation process in the UAE public sector. International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations, 7(April), 124–140. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332706910
McDonald, R. P. (1981). The dimensionality of tests and items. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 34(1), 100–117. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8317.1981.tb00621.x
Miao, R., Bozionelos, N., Zhou, W., & Newman, A. (2021). High-performance work systems and key employee attitudes: the roles of psychological capital and an interactional justice climate. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 32(2), 443–477. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2019.1710722
Miller, M. B. (1995). Coefficient alpha: A basic introduction from the perspectives of classical test theory and structural equation modeling. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2(3), 255–273. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519509540013
Ministry of Tourism. (2022). Maldives Tourism Updates (Issue Vol 22). https://www.tourism.gov.mv/dms/document/42e98c3ec7cc6540a5a69f49a5b811b9.pdf
Ministry of Tourism. (2024). No Title.
Mohua, M. J., & Yusoff, W. F. W. (2021). Are Institutional Pressures Influencing on Sustainable Business Performance in the RMG Industries of Bangladesh? Proceedings of the Business Innovation and Engineering Conference 2020 (BIEC 2020), 184(Biec 2020), 95–98. https://doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.210727.017
Morales-Sánchez, R., & Pasamar, S. (2020). How to improve organisational citizenship behaviour by combining ability, motivation and opportunity: The moderator role of perceived organisational support. Employee Relations, 42(2), 398–416. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-04-2019-0169
Mostafa, A. M. S. (2015). High-Performance Human Resource Practices and Employee Outcomes: Th e Mediating Role of Public Service Motivation. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12354.60
Muh, R., & Etty, M. (2019). The Role of the Human and Structural Capital, Intellectual Capital and Business Performance. Russian Journal of Agricultural and Socio-Economic Sciences, 91(7), 278–289. https://doi.org/10.18551/rjoas.2019-07.32
Najeeb, A. (2016). HRM roles in paradise: Strategic or administrative? A study of tourist resorts in the Maldives. Asia Pacific Human Resource Management and Organisational Effectiveness, March, 147–170. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-100643-6.00007-5
Ostroff, C., & Bowen, D. E. (2000). Moving HR to a higher level: HR practices and organizational effectiveness. Multilevel Theory, Research, and Methods in Organizations: Foundations, Extension, and New Directions, 5, 211–266.
Othman, S. A., & Mahmood, N. H. N. (2019). Linking Level of Engagement, HR Practices and Employee Performance Among High-potential Employees in Malaysian Manufacturing Sector. Global Business Review. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150919877342
Özbek, N., Melén Hånell, S., Tolstoy, D., & Rovira Nordman, E. (2022). Exploring different responses to mimetic pressures: an institutional theory perspective on e-commerce adoption of an internationalizing retail SME. International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research, 00(00), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593969.2022.2090991
Panda, S., Pandey, S. C., Bennett, A., & Tian, X. (2019). University brand image as competitive advantage: a two-country study. International Journal of Educational Management, 33(2), 234–251. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-12-2017-0374
Park, R. (2015). Employee participation and outcomes: Organizational strategy does matter. Employee Relations, 37(5), 604–622. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-09-2014-0107
Patky, J., & Pandey, S. K. (2020). Does Flexibility in Human Resource Practices Increase Innovation? Mediating Role of Intellectual Capital. South Asian Journal of Human Resources Management, 7(2), 257–275. https://doi.org/10.1177/2322093720934243
Pfeffer, J. (1998). Seven Practices of Successful Organizations. California Management Review, 40(2), 96–124. https://doi.org/10.2307/41165935
Piaw, C. Y. (2016). Mastering Research Methods. McGraw-Hill Education.
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common Method Biases in Behavioral Research: A Critical Review of the Literature and Recommended Remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879–903. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879
Prajogo, D. I., & Oke, A. (2016). Human capital, service innovation advantage, and business performance: The moderating roles of dynamic and competitive environments. International Journal of Operations and Production Management, 36(9), 974–994. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOPM-11-2014-0537
Rahmatullah, A., & Siddiqui, D. A. (2019). Impact of High-Performance Work System on Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, Job Complexities and Intention to Quit: A Karachi Based Study on Banking and Education Industry. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3384162
Rehman, J., Hawryszkiewycz, I., Sohaib, O., & Namisango, F. (2020). Building a knowledge-based competitive advantage in service firms: Role of high-performance work systems. Proceedings of the European Conference on Knowledge Management, ECKM, 2020-Decem(January), 658–667. https://doi.org/10.34190/EKM.20.238
Rehman, J., Hawryszkiewycz, I., Sohaib, O., Namisango, F., & Dahri, A. S. (2022). Towards the Knowledge-Smart Professional Service Firms: How High-Performance Work Systems Support the Transformation. In Journal of the Knowledge Economy (Issue March). Springer US. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-022-00903-4
Revelle, W., & Zinbarg, R. E. (2009). Coefficients alpha, beta, omega, and the glb: Comments on sijtsma. Psychometrika, 74(1), 145–154. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11336-008-9102-z
Rotjanakorn, A., Sadangharn, P., & Na-Nan, K. (2020). Development of dynamic capabilities for automotive industry performance under disruptive innovation. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 6(4), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc6040097
Saeed, A., Ramish, A., & Yusuf, I. (2019). Mimetic Pressures and Environmental Performance : Mediating Role of Internal Environmental Management. International Conference on Management and Economics, Navigating Cyberspace for Socio-economic Transformation and Redefining Management in Light of Digital Economy, 401–414.
Safari, A., Adelpanah, A., Soleimani, R., Heidari Aqagoli, P., Eidizadeh, R., & Salehzadeh, R. (2020). The effect of psychological empowerment on job burnout and competitive advantage: The mediating role of organizational commitment and creativity. Management Research, 18(1), 47–71. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRJIAM-06-2019-0935
Samuelsson, P., Witell, L., Gottfridsson, P., & Elg, M. (2015). Incremental and radical service innovation in living labs. Economics: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications, II, 445–459. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8468-3.ch025
Schmitt, N. (1996). Uses and abuses of coefficient alpha. Psychological Assessment, 8(4), 350–353. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.8.4.350
Schuler, R. S., Aldag, R. J., & Brief, A. P. (1977). Role conflict and ambiguity: A scale analysis. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 20(1), 111–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(77)90047-2
Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Reserach Methods for Bussiness A Skill-Bulding Approach (Seventh Ed, pp. 1–447).
Shakeela, A., & Cooper, C. (2016). Human Resource Issues in a Small Island Setting The Case of the Maldivian Tourism Industry. Tourism Recreation Research, 34(1), 67–78. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2009.11081576
Sharma, V., & Bhat, D. A. R. (2020). An empirical study exploring the relationship among human capital innovation, service innovation, competitive advantage and employee productivity in hospitality services. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 9(2), 1–14.
Shi, X., Zheng, Z., Zhang, Q., & Liang, H. (2020). External knowledge search and firms’ incremental innovation capability: the joint moderating effect of technological proximity and network embeddedness. Management Decision, 58(9), 2049–2072. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-08-2019-1078
Shuaib, D. (2021). COVID 19: Impact on the tourism sector and GDP of the Maldives. October.
Siddique, M., Procter, S., & Gittell, J. H. (2019). The role of relational coordination in the relationship between high-performance work systems (HPWS) and organizational performance. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness, 6(4), 246–266. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOEPP-04-2018-0029
Soewarno, N., & Tjahjadi, B. (2020). Mediating effect of strategy on competitive pressure, stakeholder pressure and strategic performance management (SPM): evidence from HEIs in Indonesia. Benchmarking, 27(6), 1743–1764. https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-06-2019-0292
Statista. (2024). No Title. https://www.statista.com/outlook/mmo/travel-tourism/asia
Sutapa, S., Mulyana, M., & Wasitowati, W. (2017). The Role of Market Orientation, Creativity and Innovation in Creating Competitive Advantages and Creative Industry Performance. Jurnal Dinamika Manajemen, 8(2), 152–166. https://doi.org/10.15294/jdm.v1i1.12756
Tajeddini, K., & Martin, E. (2020). The importance of human-related factors on service innovation and performance. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 85(April 2019), 102431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2019.102431
Tang, W., Cui, Y., & Psychology, E. (2009). Internal Consistency : Do We Really Know What It Is and How to Assess it ? January, 1–16.
Todericiu, R., & Stăniţ, A. (2015). Intellectual Capital – The Key for Sustainable Competitive Advantage for the SME’s Sector. Procedia Economics and Finance, 27(15), 676–681. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(15)01048-5
Tourism, M. of. (2022). Ministry of Tourism (Issue February).
Tourism Research & Statistics. (2021a). Tourism Yearbook 2021 (pp. 1–57). https://www.tourism.gov.mv/dms/document/2f11c02edec48b0fa37014122e7c39e6.pdf
Tourism Research & Statistics. (2021b). Tourism Yearbook 2021 (pp. 1–57).
Tourism, U. (2024). UN Tourism Barometer. https://www.unwto.org/un-tourism-world-tourism-barometer-data#:~:text=International tourism reached 97%25 of,the first quarter of 2024&text=pre-pandemic levels-,International arrivals (overnight visitors) reached 97%25 of 2019 levels,recovery of pre-pande
Tsou, H. T., & Chen, J. S. (2020). Dynamic capabilities, human capital and service innovation: the case of Taiwan ICT industry. Asian Journal of Technology Innovation, 28(2), 181–203. https://doi.org/10.1080/19761597.2020.1719852
Urbach, N., & Ahlemann, F. (2010). Structural Equation Modeling in Information Systems Research Using Partial Least Squares. Journal of Information Technology Theory and Application (JITTA), 11(2), 5–40. http://aisel.aisnet.org/jitta/vol11/iss2/2
Wang, Z., Wang, N., & Liang, H. (2014). Knowledge sharing, intellectual capital and firm performance. Management Decision, 52(2), 230–258. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-02-2013-0064
Waseema, M. (2017). Enhancing Destination Competitiveness for a Sustainable Tourism Industry: The Case of Maldives. OIDA International Journal of Sustainable Development, 10(02), 11–24. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2971661
Webb, N. M., Shavelson, R. J., & Haertel, E. H. (2006). Reliability Coefficients and Generalizability Theory. Handbook of Statistics, 26, 81–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7161(06)26004-8
Wikhamn, W., Armbrecht, J., & Remneland Wikhamn, B. (2018). Innovation in Swedish hotels. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 30(6), 2481–2498. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-06-2017-0323
Worldbank. (2022a). Beyond Tourism: The evolving narrative of Maldives’ growth. https://blogs.worldbank.org/endpovertyinsouthasia/beyond-tourism-evolving-narrative-maldives-growth
Worldbank. (2022b). The changing face of tourism and work: How Maldives is successfully adapting to the pandemic. https://blogs.worldbank.org/endpovertyinsouthasia/changing-face-tourism-and-work-how-maldives-successfully-adapting-pandemic
Wu, G. C., Ding, J. H., & Chen, P. S. (2012). The effects of GSCM drivers and institutional pressures on GSCM practices in Taiwan’s textile and apparel industry. International Journal of Production Economics, 135(2), 618–636. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2011.05.023
Yin, Y., Wang, Y., & Lu, Y. (2019). Antecedents and outcomes of employee empowerment practices: A theoretical extension with empirical evidence. Human Resource Management Journal, 29(4), 564–584. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12243
Zawawi, N. F. M., & Abd Wahab, S. (2019). Organizational sustainability: a redefinition? Journal of Strategy and Management, 12(3), 397–408. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSMA-08-2018-0077
Zhang, M., Fan, D., & Zhu, C. (2014). High-performance work systems, corporate social performance and employee outcomes: e Corresponding.
Zhang, Z., Wang, X., & Chun, D. (2022). The Effect of Knowledge Sharing on Ambidextrous Innovation: Triadic Intellectual Capital as a Mediator. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc8010025
Zhu, Q., Sarkis, J., & Lai, K. hung. (2013). Institutional-based antecedents and performance outcomes of internal and external green supply chain management practices. Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 19(2), 106–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pursup.2012.12.001
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
All papers should be submitted electronically. All submitted manuscripts must be original work that is not under submission at another journal or under consideration for publication in another form, such as a monograph or chapter of a book. Authors of submitted papers are obligated not to submit their paper for publication elsewhere until an editorial decision is rendered on their submission. Further, authors of accepted papers are prohibited from publishing the results in other publications that appear before the paper is published in the Journal unless they receive approval for doing so from the Editor-In-Chief.
IJISAE open access articles are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. This license lets the audience to give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made and if they remix, transform, or build upon the material, they must distribute contributions under the same license as the original.
