A Novel Ultra Low Power and Highly Stable SRAM Bit-Cell for High-Speed Applications Using 45nm Technology Node
Keywords:
SRAM Cell, Static Noise Margin, Read Delay, Write Delay, Leakage power.Abstract
Modern system-on-chip applications demand SRAMs that not only operate at high speeds and offer robust stability but also prioritize energy efficiency for prolonged functionality. In this research, various SRAM cell architectures are explored, with particular emphasis on a newly proposed 9T SRAM bit-cell. Key parameters analyzed include leakage power, read and write delays, and static noise margins (WSNM and RSNM). Simulation outcomes indicate that the proposed 9T SRAM cell achieves the highest RSNM among all layouts, while the 8T SRAM cell records superior WSNM, attributed to its use of p-type access transistors. Furthermore, the 8T cell delivers reduced write delays when compared to the other designs. Notably, the 9T SRAM cell also demonstrates the lowest leakage power across all examined topologies. The fabrication of these SRAM bit cells was carried out using gpdk 45nm technology in the Cadence Virtuoso environment.
Downloads
References
B. H. Calhoun and A. P. Chandrakasan, “Static noise margin variation for sub-threshold SRAM in 65-nm CMOS,” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 41, no. 7, pp. 1673–1679, 2006, doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2006.873215.
H. N. Patel, F. B. Yahya, and B. H. Calhoun, “Optimizing SRAM bitcell reliability and energy for IoT applications,” Proc. - Int. Symp. Qual. Electron. Des. ISQED, vol. 2016-May, pp. 12–17, 2016, doi: 10.1109/ISQED.2016.7479149.
S. Pal, V. Gupta, W. H. Ki, and A. Islam, “Transmission gate-based 9T SRAM cell for variation resilient low power and reliable internet of things applications,” IET Circuits, Devices Syst., vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 584–595, 2019, doi: 10.1049/iet-cds.2018.5283.
C. B. Kushwah and S. K. Vishvakarma, “A Single-Ended with Dynamic Feedback Control 8T Subthreshold SRAM Cell,” IEEE Trans. Very Large Scale Integr. Syst., vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 373–377, 2016, doi: 10.1109/TVLSI.2015.2389891.
B. H. Calhoun and A. P. Chandrakasan, “A 256-kb 65-nm Sub-threshold SRAM Design for Ultra-Low-Voltage Operation,” vol. 42, no. 3, pp. 680–688, 2007.
C. H. Lo and S. Y. Huang, “P-P-N based 10T SRAM cell for low-leakage and resilient subthreshold operation,” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 46, no. 3, pp. 695–704, 2011, doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2010.2102571.
K. Nose and T. Sakurai, “Optimization of V/sub DD/ and V/sub TH/ for low-power and high-speed applications,” pp. 469–474, 2002, doi: 10.1109/aspdac.2000.835145.
M. H. Tu et al., “A single-ended disturb-free 9T subthreshold SRAM with cross-point data-aware write word-line structure, negative bit-line, and adaptive read operation timing tracing,” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 47, no. 6, pp. 1469–1482, 2012, doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2012.2187474.
M. F. Chang, S. W. Chang, P. W. Chou, and W. C. Wu, “A 130 mv SRAM with expanded write and read margins for subthreshold applications,” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 520–529, 2011, doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2010.2091321.
A. Islam and M. Hasan, “Leakage characterization of 10T SRAM cell,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, vol. 59, no. 3, pp. 631–638, 2012, doi: 10.1109/TED.2011.2181387.
N. A. Jahan, M. Fairuz, B. Amir, and A. Islam, “Design and Performance Analysis of Low Voltage and Low Power Schmitt Design and Performance Analysis of Low Voltage and Low Power Schmitt Trigger for 0 . 18 µm CMOS Process,” no. October, 2021, doi: 10.9790/4200-1103010117.
P. D. Kumar, R. K. Kushwaha, and P. Karuppanan, “Design and Analysis of Low-Power SRAM,” in Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 2021, pp. 41–56. doi: 10.1007/978-981-15-6840-4_4.
K. Dhanumjaya, “Cell Stability Analysis of Conventional 6T Dynamic 8T SRAM Cell in 45NM Technology,” Int. J. VLSI Des. Commun. Syst., vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 41–51, 2012, doi: 10.5121/vlsic.2012.3204.
S. Saun and H. Kumar, “Design and performance analysis of 6T SRAM cell on different CMOS technologies with stability characterization,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Physics Publishing, Nov. 2019. doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/561/1/012093.
S. M. Salahuddin and M. Chan, “Eight-FinFET fully differential SRAM cell with enhanced read and write voltage margins,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, vol. 62, no. 6, pp. 2014–2021, 2015, doi: 10.1109/TED.2015.2424376.
M. Limachia, R. Thakker, and N. Kothari, “A near-threshold 10T differential SRAM cell with high read and write margins for tri-gated FinFET technology,” Integration, vol. 61, pp. 125–137, Mar. 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.vlsi.2017.11.009.
S. S. Dohar, R. K. Siddharth, M. H. Vasantha, and Y. B. Nithin Kumar, “A 1.2 V, Highly Reliable RHBD 10T SRAM Cell for Aerospace Application,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, vol. 68, no. 5, pp. 2265–2270, 2021, doi: 10.1109/TED.2021.3064899.
R. Sharma, D. Mondal, and A. P. Shah, “Radiation hardened 12T SRAM cell with improved writing capability for space applications,” Memories - Mater. Devices, Circuits Syst., vol. 5, no. July, p. 100071, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.memori.2023.100071.
V. Choudhary and D. S. Yadav, “Analysis of Power, Delay and SNM of 6T 8T SRAM Cells,” in Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Electronics, Communication and Aerospace Technology, ICECA 2021, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2021, pp. 78–82. doi: 10.1109/ICECA52323.2021.9676022.
Annual IEEE Computer Conference, C. and C. T. 1 (Coimbatore) 2015. 03. 0.-07 IEEE International Conference on Electrical, and IEEE ICECCT 1 (Coimbatore) 2015.03.05-07, IEEE International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Communication Technologies (ICECCT), 2015 5-7 March 2015, SVS College of Engineering, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India ; proceedings.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Tejas D. Darji, Devendra R. Patel, Hiren J. Vasava, Richa A. Choubey, Yogin G. Garasia, Patel Kundanben Amrutlal

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
All papers should be submitted electronically. All submitted manuscripts must be original work that is not under submission at another journal or under consideration for publication in another form, such as a monograph or chapter of a book. Authors of submitted papers are obligated not to submit their paper for publication elsewhere until an editorial decision is rendered on their submission. Further, authors of accepted papers are prohibited from publishing the results in other publications that appear before the paper is published in the Journal unless they receive approval for doing so from the Editor-In-Chief.
IJISAE open access articles are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. This license lets the audience to give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made and if they remix, transform, or build upon the material, they must distribute contributions under the same license as the original.