An Analytical Study of the Self-Healing Behavior of Concrete Incorporating Indigenous Additives
Keywords:
Self-healing concrete, Indigenous additives, Jaggery, Neem extract, Durability, Crack healing, Sustainability, Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV), Green building.Abstract
Concrete buildings' cracking reduces their durability, service life, and safety. Self-healing concrete may reduce maintenance costs and strengthen structures by independently repairing cracks. This study examines the self-healing potential of indigenous additives—jaggery, neem extract, turmeric, and ash—as sustainable, low-cost replacements for typical encapsulated medicinal agents. Concrete mixes with each element were developed, controlled microcracks were induced, and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), compressive strength recovery, water permeability tests, and crack width measures assessed healing over 28 days. Performance was compared to a normal self-healing gel and a control mix. Jaggery and neem extract helped heal (71.4%) and restore strength (93%), matching or surpassing conventional treatments. Ash was the most inexpensive and environmentally friendly option, despite its lower mechanical performance. Durability indicators showed reduced permeability and higher UPV with indigenous additions. A sustainability index that considered cost, durability, and environmental impact supported these materials. The findings suggest that locally produced natural additives can improve concrete's self-healing, durability, and sustainability, making them a viable option for green infrastructure.
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