Transaction Models: A Comprehensive Review of Evolution, Challenges, And Future Prospects
Keywords:
ACID Properties, Distributed Systems, Nested Transactions, Real-Time Transactions. Transaction Models.Abstract
This review paper explores the evolution of transaction models in database systems, highlighting their foundational principles and advancements. It begins by examining the limitations of classical ACID-based models in handling modern, complex database systems, including distributed, real-time, and long-duration transactions. Advanced models, such as nested, distributed, and real-time transactions, are introduced to address scalability, fault tolerance, and performance challenges. Key issues such as deadlock management and scalability are explored, alongside emerging trends like machine learning for optimization and blockchain for secure processing. The paper identifies future research directions, including energy-efficient management, AI-driven optimizations, and support for heterogeneous environments, ultimately emphasizing the need for adaptive transaction frameworks to meet evolving demands in database systems.
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